Subcategoria ""The World Around Us"
I'm João Sousa and the festivity that I chose to talk about was the Inti Raymi in Peru.
Inti Raymi
Inti Raymi ("Inti Festival" in Quechua) is a traditional religious ceremony, in Peru, of the Inca Empire in honor of Inti (Quechua "sun"), the most revered god in the Inca religion. It's a celebration of the winter solstice -- the shortest day of the year between sunrise and sunset -- and the Inca New Year, when the hours of light will again lengthen. In regions south of the equator, June and July are the winter months. It happened on June 24th. During the Inca Empire, Inti Raymi was the most important of the four ceremonies celebrated in Cuzco, according to Inca Ciraso de la Vega. Celebrations are held at Haukaypata, or the main square of the city.
According to the chronicler Garcilaso de la Vega, Sapa Inca Pachacuti created Inti Raymi in the Andes in the southern hemisphere to celebrate the new year. The ritual also symbolizes the mythical origins of the Incas. Lasting nine days, it is filled with colorful dances and processions, as well as animal sacrifices to thank Pachamama and ensure a bountiful harvest. The first Inti Raymi was held in 1412. The last Inti Raymi in the presence of an Inca emperor took place in 1535. Thereafter, the Spanish colonists and their Catholic priests banned Inca ceremonies and other religious practices.
In 1944, Faustino Espinoza Navarro and indigenous actors directed the historical reconstruction of Inti Raymi. The first reconstruction, based mainly on the chronicles of Garcilaso de la Vega, relates only to religious ceremonies. Since 1944, the annual Inti Raymi theatrical performance has been held every June 24 in Saksaywaman, two kilometers from the original location of the celebration in downtown Cusco. It attracts thousands of tourists and locals.
Inti Raymi is still celebrated in indigenous cultures of the Andes. Celebrations include music, colorful costumes, most notably woven Aya Huma masks, and food sharing. In many parts of the Andes, however, the celebration is also associated with the Western Catholic feast of St. John the Baptist, June 24, which occurs a few days after the southern winter solstice, June 21. Festivities begin today at Qorikancha, followed by the Plaza de Armas and other important Inca sites.
João Sousa, 11º C
cortesia de envio de Constância Silva, docente de Inglês e colaboradora do CRESCER
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